• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In order to limit the induced shading of the mirrors (34) of a photovoltaic solar energy system (2), the latter comprises: - a base structure (16), a rotary unit (10), and a rotational connection (22) between the rotary unit (10) and the base structure (16), the rotational link defining a pivot axis (24) of the rotary unit. According to the invention, at least one of the two mirrors (34) is movable by having a first end (40) pivotally mounted on a means (42) sliding along an offset arm (28) of the unit the sliding means (42) being movable between a high position bringing the movable mirror into a maximum span configuration, and a low position bringing the movable mirror into a minimum span configuration.
    公开号:FR3080965A1
    申请号:FR1853877
    申请日:2018-05-04
    公开日:2019-11-08
    发明作者:Eric Pilat；Franck Al Shakarchi；Jose Ruben Sayritupac Vera
    申请人:Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA；Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Photovoltaic solar energy system with retractable mirrors DESCRIPTION
    TECHNICAL AREA
    The present invention relates to the field of photovoltaic solar energy, and in particular to systems comprising bifacial photovoltaic solar cells.
    The invention applies in particular to systems intended to be installed on the ground or on building roofs.
    PRIOR STATE OF THE ART
    In the prior art, it is known to produce systems comprising photovoltaic solar cells of a bifacial nature, these cells being grouped within photovoltaic panels. The advantage of such cells lies in the fact that they define two opposite absorption surfaces, for example on the front face a direct absorption surface intended to absorb energy from solar radiation, and, on the rear face, a surface d indirect absorption also intended to absorb energy from solar radiation.
    Several embodiments have already been envisaged for obtaining this type of system. Document CN 204993212 is for example known, in which systems equipped with panels comprising bifacial photovoltaic cells, extended downwards by reflectors, are described. Each reflector is tilted to allow irradiation of the rear surface of the cells of another system located further forward. This type of design nevertheless has many drawbacks, the foremost of which is the need to make a system cooperate with at least one other system located forward, in order to illuminate its rear surface of indirect absorption. The use of this type of system thus remains confined to solar power plants having a plurality of rows of systems. In addition, the distance between each row becomes a parameter depending on this need for irradiation of the rear surface by the systems in the rear row, so that the space requirement on the ground of the power station can prove to be non-optimized. It is the same for the dimensions in the vertical direction, due to the need to provide sufficiently raised frames to allow the reflectors to be installed at the bottom of the solar panels.
    These same drawbacks are found in other systems, comprising two mirrors arranged symmetrically under the photovoltaic panels, to illuminate the surface of indirect absorption. In fact, a vertical offset of these mirrors is necessary in order to authorize the amplitude of rotation required for tracking the trajectory of the sun, throughout the day. In the event of too low vertical offset of the mirrors, these are likely to limit the rotation stroke of the rotary unit comprising the photovoltaic panels and the mirrors, by interacting with the roof or with the ground on which the system rests . In addition, when the rotary unit is inclined on the side of a first of the two symmetrical mirrors in order to orient its direct absorption surface as best as possible relative to a low sun in the sky, the second mirror is then in a position generating a shadow damaging to the directly consecutive system in the row of the solar power plant concerned. To avoid this shading which is all the more consequent as the sun is grazing, the systems of the same row can be spaced from each other. However, this spacing of the systems generates an unoptimized rate of occupation of the ground or the roof, with the consequence of an energy potential that can be improved in relation to the square meter of land.
    STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION
    The invention therefore aims to at least partially remedy the drawbacks mentioned above, relating to the embodiments of the prior art.
    To do this, the invention firstly relates to a photovoltaic solar energy system comprising:
    - a basic structure;
    - a rotary unit;
    a rotation link between the rotary unit and the basic structure, the rotation link defining a pivot axis of the rotary unit, the rotary unit comprising:
    - a set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells, jointly defining two opposite surfaces intended to absorb energy from solar radiation;
    a chassis for supporting said cells, the chassis comprising at least one arm for offsetting the cells with respect to the base structure, a lower end of the offset arm being connected to the rotation link;
    - two mirrors each defining a reflection surface configured to reflect light in the direction of the set of cells, preferably in the direction of an indirect absorption surface of this set, the two mirrors being arranged respectively on the side and other of the offset arm.
    According to the invention, at least one of the two mirrors is movable by having a first end pivotally mounted on a means sliding along the offset arm, the sliding means being movable between a high position bringing the movable mirror in a configuration of maximum span, and a low position bringing the movable mirror into a configuration of minimal span in which a second end of the movable mirror, opposite the first end, is located closer to the offset arm than in the configuration of maximum span .
    Thus, the invention relates to a system with at least one of the two mirrors, and preferably both, of retractable nature. Indeed, at the same time as its first end moves downward along the offset arm, the movable mirror tends to close with its second opposite end which approaches this same arm. Consequently, when the rotary unit is tilted towards the side of one of the two mirrors, for example to orient its direct absorption surface as best as possible with respect to a low sun in the sky, the second mirror can then adopt the configuration minimum span or a configuration close to this, in order to limit the shading induced on the system directly consecutive in the row of the solar power plant concerned.
    The systems of the same row can then be brought together, thereby optimizing the occupation of the ground or the roof, and consequently increasing the energy potential in relation to the square meter of land. For example, it has been determined that by implementing the principle of retractable mirrors on the systems of a row of solar power plants, the number of systems within this row could be increased by at least 75% .
    In addition, the mirror located on the side where the rotary unit tilts can also be folded down to limit interactions with the ground or the roof. Therefore, the length of the offset arm of the rotary unit can be reduced, resulting in a gain in terms of mass and vertical size, while allowing tracking of the sun throughout the day.
    The invention also provides the following optional characteristics, taken individually or in combination.
    The support frame also comprises a frame fixed to a high end of the offset arm, and a connection device is provided between each movable mirror and the frame of the support frame, this connection device comprising a member sliding along the movable mirror , and a pivot member allowing rotation of the sliding member relative to the frame.
    Preferably, the frame is substantially parallel to the set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells, the frame being interposed between the two mirrors and the set of cells.
    The support frame also includes a plurality of frames connecting the frame to the set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells.
    The mobile mirror defines an acute angle of mirror inclination with a plane orthogonal to the set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells, the acute angle of mirror inclination being between 5 and 30 ° in the configuration of minimum span, and between 65 and 80 ° in the maximum span configuration.
    The two mirrors are mobile, and arranged to be moved symmetrically or asymmetrically.
    According to one possibility, the two movable mirrors are arranged so as to be displaced symmetrically, the first end of each of them being pivotally mounted on the same means sliding along the offset arm.
    According to another possibility, the two movable mirrors are arranged so as to be displaced asymmetrically, the first end of each of them being pivotally mounted respectively on two separate means sliding along the offset arm.
    The set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells can be configured to be moved laterally on the side of one of the two mirrors, and on the side of the other mirror. In this case, it is for example provided that the support frame comprises a deformable parallelogram device designed to move laterally the set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells. Alternatively, it could be a simple means of translating the set of cells, without departing from the scope of the invention.
    The system also comprises at least a first actuator of the rotation link between the rotary unit and the basic structure, as well as at least a second movable mirror actuator, the first actuator (s) being distinct from the second actuator (s).
    Alternatively, the system includes a common actuator simultaneously controlling the rotation link between the rotary unit and the base structure, as well as each movable mirror.
    The invention also relates to a solar power station comprising at least one row of photovoltaic solar energy systems such as that described above, the pivot axes of the rotary units belonging to the systems of the row considered, being parallel to each other.
    The plant preferably comprises several rows of photovoltaic solar energy systems.
    Finally, the subject of the invention is a method of controlling such a solar power station, implemented so that during a day, the rotary unit of the systems of each row is pivoted from an extreme position of morning in which the unit is tilted on the side of a first of the two mirrors, to an extreme evening position in which the rotary unit is tilted on the side of a second of the two mirrors, passing through a vertical middle position of the rotary unit, the method also being implemented so that for at least one of the systems of at least one of the rows:
    the first mobile mirror is moved from its minimum span configuration to its maximum opening configuration when the rotary unit is moved from the extreme morning position to its vertical middle position, and / or the first mobile mirror is moved from its maximum span configuration to its minimum opening configuration when the rotary unit is moved from its vertical middle position to the extreme evening position;
    and / or the second mobile mirror is moved from its minimum span configuration to its maximum opening configuration when the rotary unit is moved from the extreme morning position to its vertical middle position, and / or the second mobile mirror is moved from its maximum span configuration to its minimum opening configuration when the rotary unit is moved from its vertical middle position to the extreme evening position.
    Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear in the detailed non-limiting description below.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    This description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, among which;
    - Figure 1 shows a front view of a solar power plant, showing one of the rows of systems each formed by a plurality of systems according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
    - Figure 2 is a perspective view of one of the systems shown in the previous figure;
    - Figure 3 shows a front view of that of the previous figure, diagramming the operation of the system and with its rotary unit shown in a vertical middle position;
    - Figure 3a is a view similar to that of Figure 3, according to an alternative embodiment;
    - Figure 4 shows a front view of two systems arranged directly consecutively in the row, these systems being shown with their rotary units in an extreme morning position;
    - Figure 5 shows a view similar to the previous one, and on which the two systems are shown with their rotary units in an extreme evening position;
    - Figure 6 shows a partial view of one of the two systems of the previous figure, diagramming a particular functionality of the invention;
    - Figure 7 shows a view similar to that of Figure 5, with systems in the form of another preferred embodiment of the invention; and
    - Figure 8 shows a view similar to the previous one, with the rotary units arranged in their extreme morning position.
    DETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS
    Referring first to Figure 1, there is shown a solar power plant 1 having a plurality of rows la, of which only a part of one of these rows is visible in the figure. Preferably, these rows are parallel to each other and each comprise several photovoltaic solar energy systems 2, arranged side by side.
    Referring to Figures 2 and 3, there is shown one of these systems 2, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. In this regard, it is noted that all the systems of the solar power plant are identical or similar. These systems are fixed to the ground 14, each using a basic structure 16 which will be described later. In other applications, one or more systems can be used in order to be arranged on a roof of a building.
    In the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 3, the system 2 firstly comprises a plurality of solar cells 4. These photovoltaic solar cells are of bifacial nature, so as to define together two opposite absorption surfaces. In this preferred embodiment, it is on the front face of a direct absorption surface 6, and on the rear face, of an indirect absorption surface 8. These two surfaces 6, 8 are conventionally substantially flat and parallel to each other, although another embodiment could be envisaged by providing that these two surfaces are not parallel to each other. The solar cells 4 can be grouped by panels, preferably all arranged substantially in the same plane.
    The set of cells 4 is an integral part of a rotary unit 10, also known by the English name "tracker". Other components are fitted to this rotary unit 10, and will be described later. The rotary unit 10 thus remains connected to the ground 14 using a base structure 16, produced using several uprights 18 supporting a beam 20. The beam 20 is preferably of circular section, so as to be able implant a rotation link 22 between this beam 20 and the rotary unit. The rotation link 22 defines a pivot axis 24 of the unit 10, this axis 24 preferably being that of the beam 20. In this regard, it is noted that the rotation link 22 gives the unit 10 the capacity to rotate relative to the base structure 16, so as to be aligned with the sun throughout the day. Thus, the pivot axis 24 turns out to be oriented and inclined as a function of the latitude of the location of the systems 2. For example, for a latitude of 45.6 ° N, the pivot axis 24 can be oriented North- South, and inclined to the south by an angle of about 30 ° from the horizontal. This angle is fixed, or in another embodiment it can be controlled in order to constantly follow, or at defined time intervals, the evolution of the position of the sun in the sky during the year. Within the same row 1a of the power plant, the systems 2 have pivot axes 24 which are preferably parallel to each other.
    The rotary unit 10 also comprises a support frame 26 intended to support the cell panels 4. This frame 26 firstly comprises one or more offset arms 28, preferably arranged orthogonally to the set of cells 4. These arms 28 are spaced apart from each other along the system 2, for example in the same vertical plane as the uprights 18, when the unit 10 adopts its vertical median position as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Here, each arm 28 is provided to vertically offset the cells 4 relative to the basic structure
    16. A lower end 28a of each arm 28 is connected to the rotary link 22, even if alternatively, a plurality of separate rotary coaxial connections 22 can be provided, each associated with the low end 28a of an arm 28 .
    The upper end 28b of each arm supports a frame 30 of the frame 26. This frame 30, parallel to the set of cells 4 and extending over a similar surface, is perforated to the maximum to allow the passage of rays reflected on the soil towards the indirect absorption surface 8, as will be detailed below. It is conventionally formed by uprights and crosspieces, and it carries at its periphery a plurality of frames 32 connecting this frame to the set of cells 4. These frames 32 allow an additional offset of the cells 4 relative to the basic structure 16.
    Finally, the rotary unit 10 comprises two mirrors 34, which, in this preferred embodiment, both have a movable character within the unit. However, only one of these two mirrors could be mobile and the other fixed, without departing from the scope of the invention.
    The two movable mirrors 34 are substantially planar, and arranged so as to be displaced symmetrically with respect to a median plane PI of the unit, in which the offset arms 28 are inscribed. The two movable mirrors 34, arranged respectively on either side of the arms 28, are such that the frame 30 is interposed vertically between these mirrors and the cells 4. Together, they form a V whose opening is controlled, as will be detailed below. The two surfaces inside the V are reflection surfaces 38 configured to reflect light towards the indirect absorption surface 8 of the cells 4, as shown diagrammatically by the light rays R2 in FIG. 3. These reflected rays R2 contrast with the RI rays which directly impact the direct absorption surface 6 of the cells, orthogonally to the latter in front view.
    The movable mirrors 34 can be produced by reflectors, for example used in the field of photography, rather than by more expensive mirrors used in the field of CPV (concentrated photovoltaics). The reflectance coefficient can fall within a range of 88-90%. By way of example, an aluminum plate, of the order of 1 mm thick, or a glass plate on which an aluminum deposit is made, can be used. According to one possibility, a reflecting fabric, for example a sheet of polymer of the PVF, PVDF, PET, etc. type, can be used, using a frame with tensioners in order to maintain the flatness of the reflecting surface 38.
    Each movable mirror 34 has a first end 40 in the form of a song parallel to the pivot axis 24, and which is pivotally mounted along an axis 43 on at least one means 42 sliding along an offset arm 28. Preferably , a sliding means 42 can be provided on several of the arms 28, or even on all of them. In this case, the edge 40 which forms the first end of the mirror 34 is pivotally mounted on each of these sliding means 42, possibly using lugs from this edge 40 and forming an integral part of an axis pivot connection. 43. In addition, it is here preferably made so that at the level of each offset arm 28 concerned, the sliding means 42 is common to the two mirrors 34, each pivotally mounted on this means 42.
    The first end 40 of each mirror 34 corresponds to its innermost edge within the rotary unit 10, and therefore turns out to be opposite a second free end 41 corresponding to an external parallel edge. Between these two ends 40, 41 of each mirror 34, the latter is connected to the periphery of the frame 30 by a connecting device 44, the design of which allows the mirror to vary its inclination, when its first end is moved along the offset arm 28. More specifically, the connecting device 44 comprises a member 48 sliding along the reflection surface 38 of the movable mirror 34, for example in a rail 50 shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2. The device 44 also includes a member pivot 52 allowing rotation of the sliding member 48 relative to the frame 30, along an axis of rotation 54 parallel to the axes 24, 43 above. It is noted that several connecting devices 44 can be associated with each movable mirror 34, for example by being distributed along the periphery of the frame 30, and by having axes of rotation 54 combined.
    When the unit 10 adopts its vertical central position as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sliding means 42 is in the high position on the vertical offset arm 28. In front view shown in these figures, the arm 28 is oriented vertically with respect to the ground 16, while the set of cells 4 is oriented horizontally. This position is adopted when the sun is highest in the sky during the day. It places the two mobile mirrors 34 in a configuration of maximum span, in which an acute angle of inclination A between the reflection surface 38 and the plane PI is preferably between 65 and 80 °, and even more preferably between 70 and 75 °. In this configuration of maximum span, the second end 41 of each mirror is located away from the offset arm 28. Each of the two reflection surfaces 38 reflects the light rays R2 on one half of the indirect absorption surface 8 with the same incidence, implying that this surface 8 is uniformly illuminated over its entire surface. This guarantees better energy performance.
    This configuration of maximum span defines a maximum active width “Lm” of each mirror, this width corresponding to the part of the mirror projecting laterally from the frame 30. On the other hand, the other part of the mirror located between the connecting device 44 and the first end 40 remains inactive, and can possibly be non-reflective. However, the inactive part is preferably perforated so as to allow light rays R3 referenced in FIG. 6 to pass, so that the latter reflecting on the ground 14 can effectively pass through the mirror 34 then the frame 30, before impacting the surface. indirect absorption 8. This radiation is all the more important as the ground 14 has a reflecting power, the ground then being for example formed using white gravel. This radiation coming from the rays R3 is added to the radiation coming from the rays R2, shown in FIG. 2 and which are reflected on the surface 38 of the mirrors.
    In this same figure, several dimensions of the system are referenced, among which the maximum active width "Lm" of each mirror, preferably between 2 and 4.5 m. In addition, the spacing distance "D" between the frame 30 and the indirect absorption surface 8 of the cells 4 is between 1 and 3 m.
    The system 2 also includes means for rotating the unit 10, and for varying the amplitude of the mirrors 34. To do this, in the embodiment described, there is provided a first actuator or a first group of actuators 60, making it possible to control the rotation link 22 between the unit 10 and the base structure 16. The amplitude of rotation allowed by these first actuators 60, on either side of the vertical median position in FIG. 2 , can be between 30 and 70 °. Since the concentration factor is low, the orientation accuracy of the unit 10 can be relatively rough (± 3 ° instead of ± 1 ° for CPV). It therefore appears possible to use simple and robust actuators. It is thus not necessary to provide a magnetic position detection, which authorizes for example the simple placing in series of “all or nothing” actuators, such as magnets or jacks.
    The system 2 also includes a second actuator or a second group of actuators 62, making it possible to control the opening / amplitude of the movable mirrors 34. The actuators 62 make it possible to move each sliding means 42 from bottom to top and from top to bottom, along the associated arm 28. It may for example be a linear motor, or else a simple jack.
    In this preferred embodiment, the first actuators 60 are distinct from the second actuators 62. However, since the opening of the mirrors 34 is directly correlated to the inclination of the rotary unit around the pivot axis 24, these actuators 60, 62 are synchronized.
    According to an alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 3a, there is provided an actuator or a group of common actuators 61 which directly controls the rotation link 22, between the unit 10 and the basic structure 16. These actuators simultaneously control the opening of the movable mirrors 34, by means of a movement transmission device 63 arranged between the rotation link 22 and the sliding means 42. This transmission device 63 is preferably a mechanical device, comprising conventional transmission members such as cams, connecting rods, worms, etc.
    FIG. 4 shows two systems 2 directly consecutive within the same row, with their rotary units 10 in the extreme morning position, that is to say with the direct absorption surface 6 oriented towards the east. In this position, the inclination of the unit 10 is maximum on the side of a first of the two mirrors 34, namely that on the right in FIG. 4. The central unit is preferably controlled so that all the systems 2 have their 10 units with the same inclination at all times of the day.
    Since this position is adopted in the morning when the sun is low, the two mirrors 34 then adopt a position of minimum span, in which the acute angle of inclination A between the reflection surface 38 and the plane PI is preferably between 5 and 30 °, even if a higher value can be used. In this configuration, the second end 41 of the two mirrors 34 is closer to the arm 28 and to the plane PI than in the maximum opening configuration.
    In addition, in this configuration of minimum span, each mirror 34 is lowered due to the displacement of its first end 40 downwards of the offset arm 28, via the sliding means 42 brought into the low position by the second actuators. Therefore, the shading induced by the second mirror 34, furthest to the left in FIG. 4, proves to be particularly weak, and above all allows a strong approximation of the system 2 directly consecutive, while ensuring that the latter has its mirrors 34 fully lit by the sun.
    In this configuration, each of the two reflection surfaces 38 reflects the light rays R2 on the other of the two surfaces 38, before these rays impact half of the indirect absorption surface 8 with the same incidence. In some cases, the small opening of the mirrors may not allow the illumination of the entire surface 8 using the reflected rays R2. In this case, the illumination of the indirect absorption surface 8 would in any case be supplemented by the light rays R3, described previously with reference to FIG. 6.
    Thus, during the day, the systems 2 of each row 1a are controlled by the first actuators so that their rotary units 10 are each pivoted from the extreme morning position of FIG. 4, to an extreme evening position shown at Figure 5, symmetrical to the previous one. In this extreme evening position, the rotary unit 10 is effectively inclined towards the second mirror 34, with its two mirrors again in configuration of minimum span. As a result, the shading induced by the first mirror 34, furthest to the right in FIG. 5, proves to be particularly weak, and above all allows a strong approximation of the system 2 directly consecutive, while ensuring that the latter has its mirrors 34 fully lit by the sun.
    During this movement between the two aforementioned extreme positions, the rotary unit 10 passes through the vertical median position of FIG. 3. This daily movement is accompanied by a command to open the mirrors 34. In particular, provision is made for that each of the two movable mirrors 34 is moved from its configuration of minimum span to its configuration of maximum opening, when the rotary unit 10 is moved from the extreme morning position to its vertical middle position. Then, it is expected that each of the two mirrors 34 is moved from its maximum span configuration to its minimum opening configuration, when the rotary unit is moved from its vertical middle position to the extreme evening position. The displacement of the mirrors, via the second actuators, can be carried out linearly, or alternatively in stages at regular time intervals.
    According to another embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the two mirrors 34 are no longer controlled so as to be displaced symmetrically with respect to the plane PI passing through the offset arms 28, but they are conversely displaced so asymmetrical. The first end 40 of each of them is mounted on its own means 42 sliding along the arm 28, so that the two means 42 are not necessarily at the same level on this arm. This is particularly the case in the extreme evening position shown in FIG. 7, in which the first mirror 34, still on the right in the figure, resides in configuration of minimum span in order to limit the shading on the mirrors of system 2 directly consecutive. Conversely, the second mirror 34 adopts a higher, even maximum, span configuration, allowing better illumination of the indirect absorption surface 8 of the cells 4, without being problematic with regard to the shading generated. on the directly consecutive system. The two acute angles of inclination A1 and A2, respectively associated with the two mirrors 34, thus have different values in the extreme evening position.
    A similar situation is adopted in the extreme morning position shown in FIG. 8, in which the second mirror 34, still on the left in the figure, resides in configuration of minimum span in order to limit the shading on the mirrors of system 2 directly. consecutive. Conversely, the first mirror 34 adopts a configuration of higher, even maximum span, allowing better illumination of the indirect absorption surface 8 of the cells 4, without being problematic vis-à-vis the 'shading generated on the system directly consecutive.
    During the daily rotation of the unit 10, the movement control of the two mirrors 34 is adapted so as to obtain the openings shown for the extreme positions in FIGS. 7 and 8, while ensuring that they all adopt both the maximum span configuration when the unit 10 is in the midday vertical vertical position. Here again, a linear displacement or step can be adopted for the movement of the two mirrors.
    Finally, it is noted that in this preferred embodiment, or in the previous one, the set of cells 4 is also intended to be moved laterally on the side of the first mirror, as well as on the side of the second mirror. More specifically, in the extreme evening position, the set of cells 4 is no longer symmetrical with respect to the plane PI, but shifted transversely towards the side of the second mirror in order to limit the shading induced on the system 2 directly consecutive. Conversely, in the extreme morning position, the set of cells 4 is no longer symmetrical with respect to the plane PI, but shifted transversely towards the side of the first mirror in order to limit the shading induced on the system 2 directly consecutive . In other words, during the daily rotation of the unit 10, an additional control makes it possible to set in motion the set of cells 4 so that it moves from an extreme side position shown on FIG. 8, towards an extreme position on the opposite side shown in FIG. 7, while ensuring that it adopts a central position of symmetry with respect to the plane PI when the unit resides in the vertical mid-day position.
    To allow this movement of the set of cells 4, a simple translational link is possible, but it is preferred to use a device 70 with a deformable parallelogram. The frame 30 and the set of cells 4 then constitute two opposite sides of the parallelogram, while the frames 32 fulfill the function of the other two opposite sides of this parallelogram. For actuation, one or more other actuators are used, or else a specific movement transmission device is retained, controlled by one or more other actuators of system 2.
    Of course, various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art to the invention which has just been described, only by way of nonlimiting examples. In particular, the characteristics of the various embodiments can be combined with one another. In addition, it is noted that the arrangement of the plane of the cells with respect to the chassis is not limited to that of the examples described above, but this relative arrangement may be arbitrary. The plane of the cells could thus be inclined at an angle different from 90 ° relative to the plane of the offset arms 28. This angle could even be zero, leading to a parallelism or to an identity between the plane of cells 4 and that of arm 28. In the latter case, only one of the two reflecting surfaces 38 of the two mirrors 34 is provided for reflecting light in the direction of the indirect absorption surface 8 of the cells 4, the other surface 38 being configured to reflect light towards the direct absorption surface 6.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Photovoltaic solar energy system (2) comprising:
    - a basic structure (16);
    - a rotary unit (10);
    - a rotation link (22) between the rotary unit (10) and the base structure (16), the rotation link defining a pivot axis (24) of the rotary unit, the rotary unit (10) including:
    - a set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells (4), jointly defining two opposite surfaces intended to absorb energy from solar radiation;
    - a chassis (26) for supporting said cells, the chassis comprising at least one arm (28) for offset of the cells (4) relative to the basic structure (16), a lower end of the offset arm (28) being connected to the rotation link (22);
    - two mirrors (34) each defining a reflection surface (38) configured to reflect light towards the set of cells (4), preferably towards an indirect absorption surface (8) of this set , the two mirrors being disposed respectively on either side of the offset arm (28), characterized in that at least one of the two mirrors (34) is movable by having a first end (40) pivotally mounted on means (42) sliding along the offset arm (28), the sliding means (42) being movable between a high position bringing the movable mirror (34) in a configuration of maximum span, and a low position bringing the mirror movable (34) in a minimum span configuration in which a second end (41) of the movable mirror, opposite the first end, is located closer to the offset arm (28) than in the maximum span configuration.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the support frame (26) also comprises a frame (30) fixed on an upper end of the offset arm (28), and in that a connecting device (44 ) is provided between each movable mirror (34) and the frame (30) of the support frame, this connecting device (44) comprising a member (48) sliding along the movable mirror, as well as a pivoting member (52 ) allowing rotation of the sliding member (48) relative to the frame (30).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. System according to claim 2, characterized in that the frame (30) is substantially parallel to the set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells (4), the frame being interposed between the two mirrors (34) and the set of cells .
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. System according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the support frame (26) also comprises a plurality of frames (32) connecting the frame (30) to the set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells (4 ).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movable mirror (34) defines an acute angle of inclination of the mirror (A) with a plane (PI) orthogonal to the set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells (4), the acute mirror tilt angle (A) being between 5 and 30 ° in the minimum span configuration, and between 65 and 80 ° in the maximum span configuration.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two mirrors (34) are movable, and arranged so as to be moved symmetrically or asymmetrically.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. System according to claim 6, characterized in that the two movable mirrors (34) are arranged so as to be displaced symmetrically, the first end (40) of each of them being pivotally mounted on the same means (42 ) sliding along the offset arm (28).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. System according to claim 6, characterized in that the two movable mirrors (34) are arranged so as to be displaced asymmetrically, the first end (40) of each of them being pivotally mounted on two separate means respectively ( 42) sliding along the offset arm (28).
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells (4) is configured to be moved laterally on the side of one of the two mirrors, and on the side of the other mirror.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. System according to claim 9, characterized in that the support frame (26) comprises a deformable parallelogram device (70) designed to laterally move the set of bifacial photovoltaic solar cells (4).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also comprises at least one first actuator (60) of the rotation link (22) between the rotary unit (10) and the basic structure ( 16), as well as at least a second movable mirror actuator (62), the first actuator (s) being separate from the second actuator (s).
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. System according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it also comprises a common actuator (61) simultaneously controlling the rotation link (22) between the rotary unit (10) and the basic structure (16), as well as each movable mirror (34).
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Solar power plant (1) comprising at least one row (la) of photovoltaic solar energy systems (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, the pivot axes (24) of the rotary units (10) belonging to the systems of the row considered, being parallel to each other.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Plant according to claim 13, characterized in that it comprises several rows (la) of photovoltaic solar energy systems (2).
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. A method of controlling a solar power plant (1) according to claim 13 or claim 14, characterized in that during one day, the rotary unit (10) of the systems (2) of each row is rotated from an extreme morning position in which the unit is tilted to the side of a first of the two mirrors (34), to an extreme evening position in which the rotary unit (10) is tilted to the side of a second of the two mirrors (34), passing through a vertical middle position of the rotary unit, and in that the method is implemented so that for at least one of the systems (2) at minus one of the rows (la):
    the first movable mirror (34) is moved from its minimum span configuration to its maximum opening configuration when the rotary unit (10) is moved from the extreme morning position to its vertical middle position, and / or that the first movable mirror (34) is moved from its maximum span configuration to its minimum opening configuration when the rotary unit (10) is moved from its vertical middle position to the extreme evening position;
    and / or in that the second movable mirror (34) is moved from its minimum span configuration to its maximum opening configuration when the rotary unit (10) is moved from the extreme morning position to its vertical middle position , and / or in that the second movable mirror (34) is moved from its maximum span configuration to its minimum opening configuration when the rotary unit (10) is moved from its vertical middle position to the extreme position of evening.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20190341881A1|2019-11-07|
    EP3565111A1|2019-11-06|
    FR3080965B1|2020-05-29|
    EP3565111B1|2020-09-16|
    ES2837631T3|2021-07-01|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20170063295A1|2015-09-01|2017-03-02|Sun Energy, Inc.|Solar module support structure|
    US20170133979A1|2015-11-05|2017-05-11|Solarworld Ag|Photovoltaic apparatus and system comprising rotatable solar panel and reflector|
    EP3266703A1|2016-07-08|2018-01-10|Thales|Airship provided with a local-concentrating compact solar generator using lines of bifacial solar cells|
    CN206388718U|2016-11-11|2017-08-08|杭州品联科技有限公司|Two-sided photovoltaic power generation apparatus|
    CN204993212U|2015-10-15|2016-01-20|中信博新能源科技（苏州）有限公司|Photovoltaic system of solar energy tracker with increase light intensity function|KR102171828B1|2020-04-17|2020-10-29|주식회사 원광에스앤티|Photovoltaic power generation device for farming|
    CN113258866B|2021-07-14|2022-02-22|骥志新能源科技有限公司|Illumination area adjustable solar photovoltaic module adaptive to illumination intensity|
    法律状态:
    2019-05-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2019-11-08| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20191108 |
    2020-05-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-05-31| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1853877|2018-05-04|
    FR1853877A|FR3080965B1|2018-05-04|2018-05-04|PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM WITH RETRACTABLE MIRRORS|FR1853877A| FR3080965B1|2018-05-04|2018-05-04|PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM WITH RETRACTABLE MIRRORS|
    EP19172365.9A| EP3565111B1|2018-05-04|2019-05-02|Solar energy photovoltaic system comprising retractable mirrors|
    ES19172365T| ES2837631T3|2018-05-04|2019-05-02|Photovoltaic solar power system with retractable mirrors|
    US16/401,632| US20190341881A1|2018-05-04|2019-05-02|Photovoltaic solar energy system with retractable mirrors|
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